聚氯（lǜ）乙烯（PVC），是氯乙烯單體（VCM）在過氧化（huà）物、偶氮化合物等引發劑或在光、熱作用下按自（zì）由基聚合反應機理聚合（hé）而成的聚（jù）合（hé）物。氯乙烯均聚物和氯乙烯共聚物統稱之（zhī）為氯乙烯樹脂。

根據應用範圍的不同，PVC可分為：通用型PVC樹脂、高聚合度PVC樹脂、交聯PVC樹脂。通用型PVC樹脂是（shì）由（yóu）氯乙烯單體在引發劑的作用下聚合形成的；高聚合度PVC樹（shù）脂是指在氯乙烯單體聚合（hé）體係中（zhōng）加（jiā）入鏈增（zēng）長劑聚合而成的（de）樹脂；交（jiāo）聯PVC樹脂是在氯乙烯單（dān）體聚合（hé）體係中加入含有雙烯和多烯的交聯劑聚合而成的樹脂。

根據氯乙烯單體的獲得方法來區分，可分（fèn）為電石法、乙烯法和進口（EDC、VCM)單體法（fǎ）（習（xí）慣上把乙烯法和進口單體法統稱為乙烯法）。

根據聚合方法（fǎ），聚氯乙烯可分為四大類：懸浮法聚氯乙烯（xī）、乳液法聚氯乙烯、本體法聚氯乙烯、溶液法聚氯乙（yǐ）烯。懸浮法聚（jù）氯乙烯是產量最大的一個品種（zhǒng），約占PVC總產量的80%左右。懸浮法聚氯乙烯按絕對黏度（dù）分六個（gè）型號：XS-1、XS-2……XS-6；XJ-1、XJ-2……、XJ-6。型（xíng）號中各（gè）字（zì）母的意思：X-懸浮法；S-疏（shū）鬆（sōng）型；J-緊密型。

根據增塑劑含量的多少，常將（jiāng）PVC塑（sù）烯塑料分為：無增塑PVC，增塑劑含量為0；硬（yìng）質PVC，增塑劑含量小於（yú）10%；半硬質PVC，增塑劑（jì）含量為10-30%；軟質PVC，增塑劑（jì）含量為30-70%；聚氯乙（yǐ）烯（xī）糊塑料，增塑劑含量為（wéi）80%以上（shàng）。

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a polymer polymerized by vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) in peroxides, azo compounds and other initiators or under the action of light and heat according to the mechanism of free radical polymerization.Vinyl chloride homopolymers and vinyl chloride copolymers are collectively referred to as vinyl chloride resins.

According to the different application range, PVC can be divided into: general-purpose PVC resin, high polymerization degree PVC resin, cross-linked PVC resin.General-purpose PVC resin is formed by polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer under the action of initiator;High polymerization degree PVC resin refers to the resin polymerized by adding chain extender to the vinyl chloride monomer polymerization system;Crosslinked PVC resin is a resin polymerized by adding a crosslinker containing diene and polyene to a vinyl chloride monomer polymerization system.

According to the method of obtaining vinyl chloride monomer, it can be divided into calcium carbide method, ethylene method and imported (EDC, VCM) monomer method (it is customary to refer to ethylene method and imported monomer method as ethylene method).

According to the polymerization method, polyvinyl chloride can be divided into four categories: suspension polyvinyl chloride, emulsion polyvinyl chloride, bulk polyvinyl chloride, solution polyvinyl chloride. Suspended polyvinyl chloride is the largest variety, accounting for about 80% of the total PVC production. Suspended polyvinyl chloride is divided into six models according to absolute viscosity: XS-1, XS-2... XS-6； XJ-1、XJ-2......、XJ-6。 The meaning of each letter in the model number: X-suspension method; S-loose type; J-compact type.

According to the amount of plasticizer content, PVC plasticene plastics are often divided into: non-plasticized PVC, plasticizer content is 0; Rigid PVC, plasticizer content less than 10%; Semi-rigid PVC with plasticizer content of 10-30%; Flexible PVC with a plasticizer content of 30-70%; Polyvinyl chloride paste plastic, plasticizer content is more than 80%.

• 上一個：沒有了！
• 下一個：NBR/PVC泡棉（mián）是什麽材料？(What is NBR/PVC foam material?)